我是剑仙
刘雅琪 32315万字 53464人读过 连载
这几年俺们中国发明创造出了“躲猫猫死”、“激动死”、“喝水死”、“洗脸死”、“摔跤死”、“上厕所死”、“洗澡死”、“做恶梦死”、“针刺死”等多种死法，古时代的知识分子也只知道“茴香豆”都只有四种写法，百哓生的兵器谱上也只列出了七种至命武器。 回到公元二十世纪的1975年------1978年，当时在红色高棉大佬波尔布特统治下的柬埔寨还是很落后，统治者们给了大约17000名男人、女人、儿童只有二种死法，除了传统的“花生米死”，再就有为了节省宝贵的“花生米”而发明出的“棍棒死”。 在屋顶高耸、金碧辉煌的王宫注视下，17000名钟屋杀人场在被“花生米死”、“棍棒死”的柬埔寨人成就了129座巨大的坟墓（其中43座还未被挖掘），坟墓当中耸立着一座耀眼的白塔，那是为了纪念1975年-----1978年期间被红色高棉杀害的公民。白塔的玻璃板后面分层摆放着1980年在这里挖掘出来的8000多颗头骨，周边裸露的地表上到处散落着死者的牙齿、碎骨。正当那时俺们中国人日子好过些的时候，柬埔寨那边又开始折腾了，直至红色高棉倒台后才慢慢缓过气来。上一次和人结伴到柬埔寨总共只玩了六天，很赶。这次自己一个人就可以慢悠悠的游走，上次三月份时天天都是晴天，这次到好每天都在下雨，细雨中看吴哥窟到也有另外一份古朴风味。 ([]
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郭星元Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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杨健豪我叫Q,生活在纽约,用照片记录些晴天雨天的心情. 在这个城市里面我总是坐错车,看着地铁地图也不知道该哪站下. 我记性不好,脑子里面总是断断续续的片段,关于青春的过去的. 我也不知道大家都想看什么,就放些我拍的,都是我喜欢的,要是大家有什么要求，我也可以响应.乡亲们有钱捧个钱场,有人捧个人场. 人来人往的也没人注意,有阳光的时候我就给它拍个照,没那么寂寞了那天Q顶着大雪去了B的公司,从阳台上往下看的时候看见这个水塔 跟我去中国超市看看吧,其实我觉得吧,美国哪里吃都还挺便宜的,不要算汇率拉来美国前,从来不吃洋葱,不管它是什么颜色,不吃香菜,不吃任何有奇怪味道的东西,不喜欢萝卜的味道,不过现在来了美国,觉得洋葱好好吃,虽然如此,吃了之后还是请嚼片好味的口香糖,不然和别人说话不礼貌噢有一天走了运,受邀去了新世贸45层,这是电梯门一打开的时候看到..这是在纽约人最多人气最高的Strand 书店,遇到的多是美女帅哥,真的很美真的很帅,可是没有勇气直接留个念想,还是看看该看的 Q去了New Haven，在并不适合的季节，算着时间去的Grand Central Station,却被地铁临时改道坏了事，想着坐１０点０６分的火车，眼睁睁１０点０８分才赶到车站，很是郁闷，却看到了上星期去Beacon的同一型人站在同一个地方 Yale Univeristy－－Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library,是Gordon Bunshaft１９６３年设计的，惊叹没有白来，Master Piec里面的结构，是阴天去的，有阳光的时候，会照的墙面半透明的这里面的古籍价值连城，普通人不得靠近，据说房子要是一着火，整个空间马上抽成真空,不管里面人命几条 我也很郁闷,刚写的都没了...有时候我刷了下屏,就cann’t find the page,还说我登陆超时...天涯快把我整疯了.怎么图片都老大，从图书馆出来，看到了Maya lin的Women’s table,竟然已经没有水了，却成了这个小家伙的桌子Q饿了，很饿，早上就吃了俩个小包子，看见路边摊好喜欢，要了两个羊肉TACO,就是墨西哥人爱吃的那种，肉是热呼呼的，等下上面就盖了冰冰凉的蔬菜。小墨哥勺子叉子都忘记带了，难道叫我吃手扒饭这是British art museum里面的藏品,这museum是属于yale的 ,第二次惊讶于Yale的势力,交了学费,所有所有这些都是免费的,羡慕啊,不知道学生们是不是真有时间欣赏,似乎来看的都是象我一样坐着火车从纽约来的贫民百姓 , 这女孩坐在那里和那幅画配合的很好,我赶紧拍纠正一下这个房子，叫做Yale Center for British Art, 是Louis Kahn 1969年左右建好的。大师的作品，贴两张建筑细节膜拜吧。继续British Art Museum,本来我以为自己很不喜欢经典画,可是看到这些的时候又难免喜欢,他们的姿态高贵眼神却又寂寞很是吸引我抱歉,这些我都不知道是谁画的,也没有仔细看边上的,但是就是第一眼的喜欢就收了对面又是Louis Kahn设计的的Univeristy Art Center,天晓得为什么一个Block里竟然有两座他的房子还是面对面。 进去以后先爬上了最高层，看到了这个三角顶最上面是巨牛的展览“ Picasso and the Allure of Language”，我一进去就拿着相机拍了一张，马上被那些管事的女人制止，从这一秒钟开始，只要有人跟我说话说的就是“No Photograph on this leverl" 。为此，这些年偷拍都成了习惯，大相机显眼，就把小相机随身带。绕过监视器，绕过保安的视线范围是很难的，不过最好就是先拍了再说。 以前年少无知，觉得Picasso有点俗，后来在一本书上看到他的 关于womans face的几副画 这个展览是我看过Picasso最好的一个，不管画还是雕塑都非常精彩，可惜我只拍了这张这人的画就不介绍，在这里放着不知道会不会牵扯到版权官司。。。Anyway，All copyright reserved by Yale University Art Center吧，^_^这一层那么多牛*的大师作品,竟然只有一个人看着,我喀嚓喀嚓个不停之后他还是来了句＂No photo on this floor,please这是唯一一件室外的,想必大家都见过他的雕塑,具有划时代的力量,科普一下吧,Richard Serra,美国极少主义雕塑家，作品通常是巨大尺寸的钢铁结构，线条流畅极简，人在他的雕塑里面时经常被他的空间感震撼。但是这个和DiaBeacon他的展品无论是质量,尺寸,数量都是不能比的,以后我会贴,不过那里也是完全不能带相机进去的,所以拍的也很有限.大家将就看吧.然后去了Yale的建筑系,要门卡的时候正好有个同学出来,就顺水推舟进去了,观察了一下他们的学习状况,觉得水平就那样吧.建筑系是Paul Rudolph的杰作,光看这个楼梯就够了 跟他们学生聊天的时候,他们也说楼梯间是他们这房子最cool的地方了出了楼,在街上走走逛逛 其实纽约的物价不高,除非你要去买顶级的定制,我以后会更新第五大道,Soho区,upper east side,这些贵族区yale的小town其实每家店都挺有档次的,特别是cafe拉,resaurant拉,不过东西都不便宜, 想想yale上学的孩子们那大多都是名门之后Yale的gym是相当的cool,在古老房子里面的GYM,有着现代的运动气息和深有历史感的奖杯搭配的相得益彰. 喜欢这个肌肉男人,虽然镜子是用来纠正姿势的,我还是固执的认为他在自恋呢 Squash(壁球)好象是Yale的传统运动,我也很喜欢,以前很厉害,看着前人那么多的奖状,现在Yale的运动强项还是陨落了,可能有钱少爷小姐们也就是喜欢多点社交的谈姿下面就是那天朋友强烈推荐的餐厅，他说带去吃pizza,远远的看到这家店以为是高级西餐厅，怎么都没想到pizza 店能开的这么豪华．．． 店家名字，如果大家有机会，真的要去试试，吃的有感觉啊走进去之后，这是右手边，属于预定区，干等要等上１个小时可能才会有位置下面是进门后左侧，属于散客区，就是等２０分钟就有的吃了，不过需要自己抢位置，但是店家布置的非常舒服，里面有几个巨大巨大的大桶是盛啤酒的．不管散客还是预定，都是满座啊～等啊等啊还没有来,就叫了杯酒,友人替着点的应该是黑啤吧,甜甜的([]
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张绮星【写在开篇】有人说：“俄罗斯不是一个国家，而是一个世界。”首先，地大。人口只有 1.6 亿的俄罗斯，却拥有横跨欧亚大陆的1700 多万平方公里的国土面积，占了地球上 1/6 的陆地。其次，物博。俄罗斯有着丰富的让人眼馋的自然资源，足以支撑起一个世界。 我们眼中的俄罗斯会是什么样的呢？带着这样的疑问开始我们16天的旅程…在最美的秋季，从寒冷飘雪的伊尔库茨克，到阳光明媚的圣彼得堡，经历着突如其来的暴雪，感受着浓墨重彩的秋色。第一天：每个去过俄罗斯的人，看到的俄罗斯人都是不同的，有人说俄罗斯人很傲气，不屑于用英语回答你。有人说俄罗斯人很冷漠，不会为了你的迷茫而停下脚步。也有人说，俄罗斯人很豪爽，言语间就热络的共进伏特加。也许维京海盗和东斯拉夫农民的结合，注定了他们的双重性格。时而豪迈慷慨，时而自私吝啬。时而热情奔放，时而冷漠残酷。时而目光远大，时而固执短视。通过短短的旅途，去体会俄罗斯的深厚历史是远远不够的，可是我们却看到了美好的未来。留在记忆里的是年轻人的勃勃生机，勤学上进和热情好客，因为你们，让不懂俄语的我们，顺利愉悦的给旅行画上了完美的句号，期待下一次的相遇… 照例，先放行程，接着放毒！喀山圣母教堂的香烛环贝加尔湖火车奥列洪岛眺望贝加尔湖红场上的圣瓦西里和克林姆林宫谢尔盖耶夫镇的圣三一修道院苏兹达尔的洋葱们弗拉基米尔的圣母升天大教堂彼得大帝夏宫北京的夏日才刚刚离去，我们就带着厚厚的冬装，登上了西伯利亚航空的飞机。走出机舱，寒气扑面而来，这就是带着冬天味道的伊尔库茨克了。 伊尔库茨克，没听过吧？可是另外两个响亮的名字，西伯利亚、贝加尔湖，想必大家都不陌生。伊尔库茨克（Иркутск），是伊尔库茨克州的首府，是东西伯利亚第二大城市，市中心与居民区间以天然白桦林连接着。安加拉河贯穿市区，有大桥连通在贝加尔湖的东南端。作为东西伯利亚的首府，伊尔库茨克拥有不少19世纪的豪华建筑，曾被誉为“西伯利亚的巴黎”。到达：北京-伊尔库茨克，直飞的是西伯利亚航空S7和海南航空的飞机，班次并不是天天有，S7每周一、三、六，05：35~08：50，海南航空貌似也是一、三、六1000~1315。 软件：神奇的2GIS必须安装，提前下载几个城市的离线地图，五星推荐，相当于俄罗斯的高德地图，也许做的还要更好一些。需要安装俄文输入或者功课做好，提前把要去的地方俄文备注好。随时查询公交地铁，酒店购物，太方便。一路走来三个有网络的童鞋没有我一个离线地图的灵光~电话卡：网上大家都推荐小蜜蜂，不知道为什么这么迷信，就没有人反馈个真实体会吗？比MTS便宜，但是真心不好用，小火车信号差的一塌糊涂，奥列洪岛甚至基本没信号。还是推荐最大的品牌MTS，3G的包月流量250，比小蜜蜂贵50。另外两个品牌套餐外的流量都会比较贵，尤其是莫斯科或者圣彼得堡的卡在伊尔库茨克用，所以淘宝购卡的需要注意。 换汇：出发前网上有人说，最合适的办法是当地银联取现（用华夏卡，首笔没有手续费），其次是带美金去换汇，最不合适的是国内直接换卢布。我的亲身体会，应该是当地银联取现和出发前国内换汇差不多，都比较合适。旅行16天，两个人4万卢布现金加上取现两次15000卢布，其余住宿，购物刷卡。最后几天卢布增值，刷卡购物的比较不合适。 语言：俄罗斯英文普及的非常不好，伊尔库茨克就会更差一些，问路，坐公交，买车票最好提前准备好俄语，show给大妈大叔看，简单粗暴，沟通无障碍。酒店前台是接触的人群里英文最好的，有问除了Info!就找漂亮帅气的前台~伊尔库茨克(Иркутск)，始建于1700年，已经拥有315年的城市发展史，是西伯利亚唯一的大工业城市，也是交通和商贸的枢纽。伊尔库茨克有约1300处历史建筑文明遗产，其中有东正教堂（喀山教堂）、波兰人大教堂、政府大楼、二战胜利纪念广场、历史博物馆、十二月党人文化公园等 ......伊尔库茨克的市区范围并不大，溜达着去Tourist Information Center拿地图，i里的姑娘英文也很好，和城市旅游资讯以及周边交通有关系的问，尽管丢过去吧。心满意足的拿着绿线GREEN LINE地图，开始了我们匆匆半日的城市随行。 ，有30个市区主要景点的英文介绍，非常方便徒步游览。穿过著名的卡尔马克思大街，一路向北，来到了安加拉河畔。远远望去，最为醒目的是矗立的黄白相间的凯旋门，叫做Moscow Gate。凯旋门前停了长长一排的婚车，倒是没咱国内结婚气派。新郎新娘，还有不可思议的诸多伴郎伴娘，欢声笑语不断。零度的气温也抵挡不了新人们的喜悦，穿着婚纱的新娘面对镜头，high的不行。晏宾说，一路碰到的新娘子即使上了妆也没有街上匆忙走过的姑娘们漂亮，也许都是到了一定年纪，即将长腿辣妹变身大妈的时候，才会考虑找个长期饭票？不过这只是一句玩笑话，无论是在伊尔库茨克这样的小城市，还是莫斯科圣彼得堡那样的大城市，路上偶遇的年轻年长的女性，穿着打扮，发行配饰，无不透着精致和品位，好像随时准备走上时尚杂志一般。安加拉河畔的围栏上挂满了漂亮的同心锁，大小颜色各异，周边也没看到售卖亭，难道这里有这样的传统？出门还得备锁头[/惊讶] 河边望去，高耸的烟囱，进进出出的船只，忙碌工作的吊车，无不显示着工业城市的繁忙。冬季河畔漫步，寒风扑面，带来丝丝潮气，有孩童包裹的如童话里的公主，粉嫩嫩的，推着同样粉嫩的小推车和玩具公主，蹒跚学步，小脸呈现着健康的苹果红。沿着无人的河滨大道一路走到了基洛夫广场，广场上教堂林立，救世主大教堂，主显节大教堂，波兰人大教堂。首先看到的是这座堆积木一般的主显节大教堂（Собор Богоявления）。大教堂始建于1693年，是伊尔库茨克第二古老的石头建筑，至今保存的很好。漂亮的教堂白色亮洁，各层由长方形、圆柱形、三角锥形组合在一起，旁边还有两的金色的洋葱头形状的穹顶衬托着，非常耀眼，也有人称它为“博戈亚福列涅大教堂”。东正教教堂男士不允许带帽，女士入内可以带帽或者包头巾。建议还是随身携带一条围巾，既能保暖，又能裹头，戴着帽子总觉得对上帝不太尊重。一般情况教堂内不允许拍照，需要拍照提前询问，有的教堂只是唱诗和讲经的地方不让拍照。马路对面是救世主大教堂SpasskayaTserkov，历史超过300年。教堂外围有一圈小花圃，还有纪念碑，老爷爷带着孙子挑选着鲜花献给长眠的英雄们。推开厚重的有着岁月痕迹的木头门，拾级而上，二楼是教堂主体，教堂内部不大，顶部和墙壁上的彩色绘画，讲诉着一个又一个圣经故事，指引着教众前行的方向。([]
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蔡亚妤俺要预先说明的是，这是个纯粹的户外帖，帖子里没有可以让你们男驴血脉喷张的艳遇激情、打野炮、混帐门之类的情节，也不会有0元穷游的嘘头，更没有黄色的图片。这里要讲述的，只是一个傻乎乎的老农民，不远千里独自去喜马拉雅山区，看雪山走山路不太艰苦的故事。 俺是一个山区农民，平时除了下地种庄稼和背着山货去城里贩卖外，也经常接一点私活。俺们山村周围经常有城里的户外俱乐部的驴友来玩，他们说平时工作压力大，到山里找点刺激以实现啥人生价值。反正他们城里人说话怪怪的俺都听不明白，他们来了俺就带在他们在山里面到处转，这样一天下来也有百把块的收入。为什么会这么说呢？因为没去之前以为那里的山路很难走，但走过以后才知道那里的山路与俺们山村的没多大区别，这样的山路俺们村里五岁的小孩都能走，大人走起来就像撒泡尿似的轻松自在。这次去尼泊尔玩是受了村里一位小名叫喜蛋的小辈影响，他上过几年的大学有出息了，现在已经出人头地的做了这里8264论坛一个版的版主，而且在城里开了户外用品店和户外俱乐部发了财。他有时候会回到村里面给俺看他电脑上的户外照片，并且教会了俺上网和发图片。他鼓励俺出去看看外国的山村是啥样子的，于是俺就去了尼泊尔的山区，在尼泊尔山里行走的外国驴友、中国游客看起来就像俺村里的村民一样亲切，俺山村的农民也是这样每天背着或挑着农具、肥料去自留地干活。喜蛋在城里面找了个媳妇，他媳妇以前是户外资料网的管理员，也是一位很有出息的姑娘。俺们的山村比较封闭，人也比较朴实。前两年喜蛋带着媳妇回山村一次，村里人以为管理员是和俺们地区专员差不多大的官，于是那天晚上很多村民专门换了新衣服去喜蛋家围观管理员，俺们山里的人就是实诚。驴友们刚开始来俺们山村玩的时候还弄出了点笑话，村里的老年人看到一些城里面来的姑娘、媳妇和不是自己男人的男人睡在一起有些看不惯，因为俺们山里的女人只和自己的男人睡觉。俺就跟村里的老人们解说城里来的驴友都是有文化的人，他们思想开放生活新潮，他们那不是在睡觉而是混账，俺可是一直帮着城里的驴友说好话，后来驴友来的越来越多大家也就见怪不怪啦。好了，啰啰嗦嗦说了一大堆该说点正事了，俺们山里人闲下来的时候就爱唠叨！俺先把一路上晚上住宿过的点列出来啦.....走这条线路的时间：2012年12月6日———17日，一路上除了看山还是看山。PHEDI（帕底）-------POTANA（帕塔娜）-------LANDRUK（兰得隆）-------JHINUDANDA（基诺）------BAMBOO（班布）-------MBC-------ABC（两晚）-------SINUWA（希诺瓦）------CHHOMRONG（从隆）------TADAPANI（塔达帕尼）-----GHOREAPANI（郭卵帕尼）(POONHILL)------TATOPANI（塔突帕尼）后面帖子里的地名俺就用中文来写了，外国字写着挺别扭的。下面先发一点俺去山上走路携带的主要一些装备物品啦.......关于鞋子：看论坛里老驴的帖子里说去山里走路包包和鞋子最重要啦。对此俺特别的重视，就一下子准备了三双鞋子。一双是前两年在县城里买的名牌旅游鞋，要99元人民币呢，它很好用，上山时很轻巧。当从ABC下山走雪路和一些冰路时也不打滑。当地有很多背夫也穿着类似的鞋，于是在山上行走时经常被一些外国驴友当成了背夫，这说明了这种鞋子在山上行走是很管用的呢！还有一双凉鞋，可以在行走时候和旅游鞋轮换着穿，它走起来同样的舒服。再就是一双拖鞋啦，它的用处不大，只有在晒太阳和洗澡时穿它。关于包包：于是出发前在喜蛋的户外俱乐部借了一大一小两个背包，这样走路正好可以一前一后的背两个包，以前给驴友带路时也经常的帮他们背上两个大包习惯了。关于棍子：第一天上山时就看到来往的驴友手中有二条花花绿绿很好看的铁棍子，看了很羡慕，但羡慕归羡慕，俺总不能像小孩子一样看到别人手中有好东西就缠着人家要是不？于是就忍了，当第三天到了一个名叫基诺的地方时终于忍不住了就在路边的树丛中捡了一根树枝整理了一下，再向当地的人家要了一条木棍子，这样俺手中也有二条棍子可以挥舞再也不用羡慕别人啦，哈哈。。。关于保暖衣裤：听说这个时候尼泊尔的山上早晚有些冷就准备了一件厚的羽绒背心和一件薄的羽绒背心，再带上一件秋裤白天可以把它当外裤穿，当早晚冷时就在它的外面套上一条乱七八糟裤子就行啦。关于雨衣：它可以防风、防雨、防雪，就把它当成冲锋衣来穿，效果还算不错，特别在ABC的下雪天穿着下山一样的防雪。关于披肩：在当地买了两条披肩，早晚在房间外面时用它披着防寒，晚上睡觉时把它和抓绒毯混合着盖在身上保暖用。关于抓绒毯：带了两条抓绒毯，一条薄的 睡觉时放在身体下，一条大的盖在身上，然后在大的抓绒毯上盖上一条披肩，再在披肩上盖棉被，这样晚上睡起来温度比较暖和帖身。关于小脸盆：可以在住山上旅馆时用来洗脸和内衣裤，它基本上没有份量，带着很有用。关于三脚架：这个就简单了 ，当到了一个位置想要到此一游时又没人帮你拍时，三脚架就可以用上啦。关于枕头：俗话说“外国的金枕头、银枕头不如自己熟悉的布枕头”，每家旅馆的枕头的软度、厚度都有些不一样，带上平时用的舒服的枕头能准每天的睡眠质量关于午餐肉：在博卡拉的超市看到有四川产的猪肉罐头，只要150卢比，就没舍得不买。于是就买三个带上山，这样在从出发到MBC时都天天有肉吃。关于葡萄酒：出发上山前在博卡拉买了一瓶葡萄酒，再向饭店的老板借了一个玻璃杯。博卡拉的商店里有很多的洋酒，比如白兰地、威士忌等等。。。！但俺是农民喝不惯这些洋酒，于是就带了瓶葡萄酒上去，喝了三天就喝完啦。关于苹果：上山前买了三公斤的苹果，这样每天吃上几个肠胃很舒服，当走到MBC时正好吃完。关于袋装果珍粉每天早上出发时候冲上一瓶有些浓度的果珍，当在上山途中身体疲惫时喝上一小口可以很快的恢复状态。这比较在山上买商店的饮料或瓶装水要经济实用。关于药品：俺们山里人的身体没有城市里的驴友那么娇贵要不停的吃药，平时有点小毛小病的抗抗就过去了，在这方面俺比山里的乡亲讲究了一点，俺带了一瓶复方黄连素，万一肚子不舒服的时候可以用它，很管用。作为一个山村农民想下决心国外太难了。俺们村里有个农民名叫王二狗，他经常隔个四五天走六、七十里的山路去城里贩卖山货，用你们户外的话来说他也算是俺们村里的十大徒步人物。他有时也帮着城里户外俱乐部的驴友带路，喜蛋已经把村里的一些闲置劳动力发展成了户外领队，城里驴友的钱特别容易赚，以前几个没事做的劳力现在都是快乐的户外领队啦。二狗现在手里有点钱了，但你要他也像很多驴友那样 花好多钱去很远的地方 走一些平时都在走的山路 他可不愿意，他说还要挣很多钱给她儿子盖个大房子讨媳妇呢。俺那里的人就是思想保守不懂得像你们城里面的驴友那样会享受生活！先发一张小环线、ABC的旅游地图，这是在路上的一个指示牌上拍的。12月6日第一天：博卡拉————PHEDI（帕底）————POTANA（帕塔娜） 10：00———1540 步行五个多小时 上午从博卡拉打了个出租车去上山走路的起点——帕底，车费46元人民币，下了车就可以从公路边的石阶上山，从帕底开始走的好处是一路都是正面对着安娜普纳尔峰与鱼尾峰。绝大部分的游客、驴友都把NAYAPOOLA作为步行小环线的起点，从帕第出发走小环线的这条线路只有零零星星的外国驴友才走。一路上要路过过去很多的小山村在步行到较高的位置时回望下面的峡谷这里的有些山路铺的整整齐齐比俺们村里的土山路要好走多啦。快到东布寺时天气有些飘云层了，鱼尾峰与安娜普纳尔躲在云里若隐若现。。。快到十二点时在一个小店的天台上喝酒休息，包里的三个肉罐头可以拿出一个来吃了，在这个十二天的步行中只喝了4次啤酒，他们的价格分别是：东布寺是25元人民币一瓶啤酒班布是38元人民币一罐啤酒ABC是54元人民币一罐啤酒郭卵帕尼去往塔突帕尼的路上小店是19元人民币一瓶啤酒菜单上的啤酒价格吃饭休息后继续前行。。。村民们在自己房子前的场地有棒棒打那些收上来的稻谷当地的鸡和俺们村里一样都是散养的，这样鸡味道会好吃很多。城里面的驴友去俺们山里玩的时候大多是吃的肚皮滚滚圆圆后才回城。经过了第一个门票检查站，12天的步行中要经过好几个检查站查票盖章。([]
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